Anti-lock braking system We often refer to it as ABS, the English name is Anti-lock Brake System. The system has the advantages of anti-slip, anti-locking, etc. It is an automobile safety control system. ABS is generally divided into two types, one is mechanical and the other is electronic. This technology is a new technology that has been improved on the conventional brake system. At present, many anti-lock brake systems are installed on the car. In addition to the functions of the ordinary brake system, the system can prevent the wheel from being locked, and the car can still be turned under the brake condition to ensure the car. The stability of the braking direction prevents the occurrence of side slip or the deviation of the deviation. This is the most advanced braking device with the best braking effect on the car. This article briefly introduces the application of the anti-lock brake system and some common sense.
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With the development of science and technology, most of the cars in China have already installed ABS, but many drivers are not very clear about the system and how to use it correctly. Some people even have some misunderstandings about ABS. They think that ABS is the device used to shorten the braking distance. The vehicle with ABS installed has a shorter braking distance than the ABS without installation. Some people even think that if it is equipped with such a device, even if it is driven at high speed in rainy or snowy days, There will be no loss of control of the vehicle.
In fact, their ideas are very wrong. ABS is not as great as some people think, greatly improving the physical performance of cars. Strictly speaking, the function of ABS is mainly within the performance of physical limits, ensuring the maneuverability and stability of the vehicle itself during braking. At the same time, it can prevent the pure slip of the tire during acceleration, and improve the acceleration performance and operational stability.
Application of anti-lock brake system
The full name of ABS is Anti-lock Brake System or Anti-skid Braking System, which can effectively control the rotation of the wheel and improve the stability of the car during braking. And the braking performance of the car under poor road conditions.
The ABS continuously detects the rotational speed of each wheel through a rotational speed sensor mounted on each wheel or drive shaft, and the computer calculates the current wheel slip ratio and compares it with the ideal slip ratio to increase or decrease the brake braking. The pressure is determined by commanding the actuator to adjust the brake pressure in time to keep the wheel in an ideal braking state.
In 1906, ABS was patented for the first time. In 1936, Bosch registered a "mechanical" patent to prevent the wheels of motor vehicles from locking. All of the early designs had the same problem: they were too complicated to fail, and they worked too slowly.
In 1947, the world's first ABS system was first applied to the B-47 bomber. Teldix began researching the project in 1964, and its ABS research was quickly taken over by Bosch.
Within two years, the first ABS test vehicles have the function of shortening the braking distance. The steering and stability of the vehicle were also guaranteed during cornering, but at the time about 1000 analog components and safety switches were applied, which meant that the reliability and durability of the electronic control unit known as the ABS 1 system could not meet the large scale. Production requirements need to be improved. The technology, digital technology and integrated circuits (ICs) acquired by Bosch in the development of electronic engine management reduced the number of electronic components to 140.
In 1968, ABS began research on automobiles. In 1975, many heavy-duty trucks and buses were equipped with ABS due to the passage of the US Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 121. However, due to many technical problems of the brake system and opposition from the truck industry, this standard was withdrawn in 1978.
In the same year, Bosch was the first company in the world to introduce an ABS system with electronic control functions. The ABS 2 system was installed as an optional configuration and assembled on the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, and then quickly equipped. On the BMW 7 Series luxury sedan. After this period, the US's further research and design work on ABS was reduced, but European and Japanese manufacturers continued to elaborate ABS.
After entering the 1980s, American automakers showed new interest in ABS in the US auto market because of the ABS imported from the US. With the rapid development of microelectronics technology and people's strong requirements for vehicle driving safety, ABS devices are further widely used in the world automotive industry. In 1987, about 3% of the cars in the United States were equipped with very reliable ABS.
In the ensuing time, developers focused on simplifying the system. In 1989, Bosch engineers successfully attached a hybrid control unit directly to the hydraulic module. In this way, they do not need to connect the wiring harness of the control unit and the hydraulic module, nor the connector, so the overall weight of the ABS 2E is significantly reduced.
In 1993, Bosch engineers created ABS 5.0 with a new solenoid valve and developed versions 5.3 and 5.7 in the following years. The main feature of the new generation of ABS 8 is once again greatly reduced weight, reduced size, increased memory, and added more features, such as electronically distributed brake pressure, replacing the mechanical mechanism that relieves rear axle brake pressure. mechanism.
Some automotive industry analysts predicted that it was confirmed that by the mid-1990s, most cars and trucks on the world market were equipped with ABS.
Common sense of use of anti-lock brake system
Nowadays, basically all passenger cars are equipped with ABS system, which plays a big role in improving the active safety performance of the vehicle, but if used improperly, the effect will be greatly reduced. Here, our principle of using ABS is summarized as "four essentials, seven nos."
Seven
1. Don't think that with ABS you can drive as you like. ABS is also not absolutely insured. In the case of excessive speed and rapid turn, if the vehicle brakes too fast, the car will still produce side slip. So even if your car is equipped with ABS, you still need to drive with caution.
2. Do not use the "point brake" brake. When a vehicle without ABS is braked on a slippery road surface and at a high speed, it is necessary to adopt a "point brake" method to achieve the purpose of safe braking. After the ABS is installed, since the ABS can automatically adjust the braking force, when the emergency braking is implemented, the pedal can be stepped on the pedal without releasing it. Do not worry that the wheel is locked and slipped, otherwise the braking distance will be greatly extended.
3. Don't be scared by the jitter of ABS. When ABS is working, it will hear the noise generated by the solenoid valve and hydraulic pump in the hydraulic control system. Do not think that the brake system is out of order and panic, not to take the foot from The brake pedal is removed and the brake pedal is still to be stepped on without leaving it.
4. Do not ignore the inspection of the ABS indicator. Under normal circumstances, this light should be on after the ignition switch is turned on; it will be automatically turned off after about 3 seconds. This process is essentially that the electronic control unit checks the control of the wheel sensor and the hydraulic regulator in accordance with the self-test procedure. If the lamp is not lit, the ABS is faulty.
5. Don't panic when the ABS indicator does not go out. When the ABS in the vehicle fails, the anti-lock braking system automatically turns on the oil circuit of the original braking system, and the original braking system on the car still works, but there is no ABS, so pay attention to maintenance.
6. It is not allowed to change the computer unit of ABS privately. If the computer finds a fault, replace the entire ABS unit.
7. For vehicles equipped with ABS but wish to be modified, do not disassemble the nut connecting the brake pipe to the ABS unit.
Four
1. Always press the brake pedal and not relax, so as to ensure sufficient and continuous braking force, so that ABS can effectively function.
2. To maintain a sufficient safety distance. Under normal circumstances, the minimum distance should not be less than 50m. When the vehicle speed exceeds 50km/h, the minimum distance is the same as the vehicle speed. For example, the minimum distance is 100m at 100km/h, and the minimum distance is 120m at 120km/h. .
3. Be familiar with ABS in advance, so that you can prepare and adapt to the brake pedal vibration when ABS works.
4. Read the driver's manual in advance to further understand the various operating instructions provided by the ABS-equipped car manufacturer.
The above is the application of the anti-lock brake system introduced by Xiaobian for you and its common sense. I believe everyone has a deeper understanding of ABS. In short, no equipment can be omnipotent. Drivers must achieve safe driving through their own subjective initiative according to safety regulations, especially in bad weather such as rain and snow, but also pay attention to maintaining full distance, slow down and safe driving. Can not rely entirely on the ABS system.
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