From October 1st, the import and sale of ordinary lighting incandescent lamps of 100 watts or more were officially banned, and the incandescent lamp elimination route entered the implementation stage. Here, the first LED network edits the advantages and disadvantages of incandescent lamps, energy-saving lamps, fluorescent lamps and LED lamps, so that the majority of users.
Incandescent lamp
Incandescent lamps, also known as electric bulbs, work on the principle that electric current generates heat when passing through a filament (tungsten wire, melting point of more than 3,000 degrees Celsius). The spiral filament continuously collects heat, so that the filament temperature is above 2000 degrees Celsius, and the filament is in incandescent In the state, it glows like the red iron that glows. The higher the temperature of the filament, the brighter the light emitted. Therefore, it is called an incandescent lamp. When an incandescent lamp illuminates, a large amount of electrical energy is converted into heat, and only a small fraction (possibly less than 1%, not counted) can be converted into useful light energy.
The light emitted by an incandescent lamp is full-color, but the proportion of the components of the various shades is determined by the luminescent material (tungsten) and temperature. The imbalance of the proportion leads to the color cast of the light, so the color of the object under the incandescent lamp is not real enough.
The life of an incandescent lamp is related to the temperature of the filament, because the higher the temperature, the easier the filament will sublimate. The blackening process at both ends of the fluorescent lamp is: the sublimation of the tungsten wire directly turns into a tungsten gas, and the tungsten gas encounters the wall of the lower temperature and condenses on the wall of the lamp tube and becomes black.
When the tungsten wire is sublimated to be thinner, it is easily blown off after being energized, thereby ending the life of the lamp. Therefore, the greater the power of the incandescent lamp, the shorter the life.
Disadvantages:
Incandescent lamps are the least efficient of all powered lighting fixtures. It consumes only a small fraction of the electrical energy, that is, 12%-18% can be converted into light energy, while the rest is lost in the form of heat. As for lighting time, the life of such a lamp usually does not exceed 1000 hours.
Fluorescent lamp
Fluorescent lamps, also known as fluorescent lamps, work on the principle that a fluorescent tube is simply a closed gas discharge tube. The main gas in the tube is argon gas (including æ°–neon or æ°ªkrypton) and the gas pressure is about 0.3% of the atmosphere. Also contains a few drops of mercury - forming a trace of mercury vapor. Mercury atoms account for about a thousandth of all gas atoms.
The fluorescent tube is a mercury atom that is lit by the lamp, and the ultraviolet light is emitted by the process of gas discharge (the main wavelength is 2537 angstroms = 2537 × 10-10 m). About 60% of the energy consumed can be converted to ultraviolet light. Other energy is converted to heat.
The fluorescent lamp emits visible light by absorbing ultraviolet light from the fluorescent material on the inner surface of the tube. Different phosphors emit different visible light. Generally, the efficiency of converting ultraviolet light into visible light is about 40%. Therefore, the efficiency of the fluorescent lamp is about 60% x 40% = 24% - about twice that of the same power tungsten filament lamp.
Disadvantages:
The disadvantage of fluorescent lamps is that they are polluted by the production process and after being scrapped, mainly mercury pollution, and not environmentally friendly. As the process improved, the conversion to amalgam mercury was gradually reduced.
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