How does Huawei P8's RGBW sensor greatly improve photo quality?

On April 15th, Huawei released the legendary Huawei P8 in London, a good design, exquisite workmanship, not bad money release conference and media publicity, so that Huawei P8 in the media these two days.

From the product point of view, Huawei P8 appearance and workmanship is good, but the configuration is not good, Kirin 930 performance is flat, 13 million cameras, 1080P screen are big road goods, only a little bit is this RGBW sensor, Huawei claims to be able to enhance the photo 32% Brightness (high contrast), 78% reduction in color noise in low light conditions, is this technology really so good?

We use a mobile phone to take pictures. The process of taking pictures of the mobile phone is like this. The lens enters the light, CMOS converts the light into an electrical signal, records it, the ISP chip processes the information, and finally the mobile phone processor processes and stores it. Huawei's RGBW refers to the technology on CMOS.

CMOS can be seen as an array of small dots, each of which converts light, but CMOS itself is monochromatic, and the world we see is colored, which requires a conversion.

Usually, we use Bayer's array of color filters to do this conversion. In front of the image sensor, a filter layer is placed, which is covered with filter points, which correspond one-to-one with the pixels below. Each filter point can only pass through one of red, green and blue. The arrangement of filter points of different colors is regular: there are 2 red dots and 2 blues around each green dot. Point, 4 green dots. The number of green dots is twice that of the other two color points. This is because the human eye is most sensitive to green, so the filter layer has the most green dots.

The red, blue and green colors can be combined to make a colorful color after the harmonic calculation, so the signal collected by the CMOS can be photographed in a processed environment.

Don't just stare at Kirin 930/935. What about the RGBW sensor of Huawei P8?

Huawei's so-called RGBW is to add a white color filter in addition to the red, blue and green colors to form four colors, and then calculate.

Why do you want to do this? Because of the red, blue, and green color filters, each one filters out some of the light, which reduces the brightness because there is more light loss. When a white color filter is added, the white color does not filter the light, and the light that is applied to the CMOS by the filter color film is more, which increases the brightness.

As the brightness increases, the noise in low-light environments is reduced. This is Huawei's claim to increase the brightness of the photo by 32% (high contrast) and reduce the color noise by 78% in low light conditions.

From the actual sample picture, the color point of Huawei P8 in the dark light has indeed been reduced a lot, this technology is effective.

But why is this kind of thing not popular? Only Sony is partially used in the new CMOS. Because this technology is not without cost.

The number of dots in a CMOS is limited. When you remove a quarter of the color filter and replace it with white, it means that the CMOS area of ​​the CMOS is reduced by a quarter.

Don't just stare at Kirin 930/935. What about the RGBW sensor of Huawei P8?

This means that the color signal is reduced by a factor of four. For color images, the reduction of the original signal means a decrease in color saturation and a loss of color gradation. Although the color saturation can be forcibly improved through post-processing, the decline in color gradation is difficult to solve by the algorithm optimization of the later ISP.

Therefore, the photos taken by this CMOS will appear flat. The increase in brightness is at the expense of color reduction, which is a double-edged sword.

In fact, similar technologies have been used on LCD screens. Traditionally, LCD screens are also RGB three-color arrays (not Bayer arrays). Manufacturers have added white to enhance brightness, but at the cost of bleak colors. Popular.

Now Huawei eats crabs and uses RGBW CMOS on mobile phones. The market reaction is how we have to look at it. Everyone prefers brightness or color. The market has the final say.

Now mobile phone camera technology has developed a lot of genres, RGBW counts one, dual camera, multi-frame synthesis...

Don't just stare at Kirin 930/935. What about the RGBW sensor of Huawei P8?

But from a comparison, the Nokia 808 is the most sturdy and large-area CMOS image quality. If the future manufacturers really want to make a breakthrough, it is the king of customizing large-area CMOS.

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