introduction
Street lights are installed outdoors, and lightning strikes are a very big threat. Lightly, the street lamp is damaged, and the fire or casualties are caused by heavy damage. Here, I will tell you about the impact of lightning on LED street lights and preventive measures.
This article concludes that there are four main types of lightning strikes:
Direct lightning
Direct lightning strikes contain enormous energy, and the peak current reaches 5000kV of lightning current into the ground, which has great destructive power. There are three effects that can be caused:
a huge current is flowing down in a few microseconds, causing the ground potential to rise quickly, causing counterattacks and endangering personal and equipment safety.
b Lightning current produces powerful electromagnetic waves that induce extremely high pulse voltages on the power and signal lines.
c Lightning current flows through electrical equipment to generate extremely high heat, causing fire or explosion.
Conductive thunder
The lightning strikes in the distance or the extremely high voltage generated by electromagnetic induction are transmitted from the outdoor power lines and communication lines to the electrical equipment in the interior of the building.
Inductive thunder
Frequent discharges between clouds produce powerful electromagnetic waves that cause common mode and differential mode interference, affecting the operation of electrical equipment.
4. Switching overvoltage
Inductive and capacitive loads in the Power Supply system can be opened or disconnected, short-circuited to the ground, short-circuited in the power supply line, etc., and high-voltage pulses can be generated on the power line. The pulse voltage can reach 3 to 5 times of the normal voltage, which can seriously damage the equipment. . The damage effect is similar to lightning strikes.
So how do we prevent lightning strikes? After research by the CLP Huaxing Power Research Laboratory, the following methods are the most effective ways to prevent street lights from being damaged by lightning:
4.1 External lightning protection combined with internal lightning protection
Nowadays, the general LED street lamp is made of conductor material, which is equivalent to a lightning rod. It is necessary to install the down conductor and the ground net. These systems constitute an external lightning protection system. The system can avoid fire and personal safety accidents caused by direct lightning strikes on LED street lights. The internal lightning protection system means that the interior of the street lamp is protected by grounding and voltage protection. The system prevents inductive lightning and other forms of overvoltage intrusion, resulting in power supply damage, which is not guaranteed by external lightning protection systems. The two are complementary and complement each other. The internal lightning protection system is connected to an external lightning protection system or an overvoltage protector and equipotential bonding on many devices such as the outer casing, cables entering and leaving the protection zone, and metal pipes.
4.2 lightning protection equipotential bonding
Thoroughly eliminate the destructive potential difference caused by lightning, power lines, signal lines, metal pipes, etc. must be equipotentially connected with an overvoltage protector, and local equipotential bonding is also required at the interface of each inner protective zone. The equipotential bonding should be connected to each other and finally connected to the main equipotential.
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