What are the advantages and disadvantages of LED lights that are gradually emerging in the market compared with energy-saving lamps and incandescent lamps? The first quarter of the LED lighting product quality analysis report released by Jiangsu Quality Supervision Bureau shows that compared with incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps, LED lights are safer and more energy efficient, but still have a higher room for improvement in color rendering index.
[Sampling results] The quality of products in the province is good.
A total of 103 batches of LED lamps were randomly selected, of which 53 batches of products produced by the provincial enterprises, the pass rate was 88.7%; 50 batches of quality risk monitoring of commercial products, the pass rate was only 30%, and there were many quality problems.
Shi Chaoyang, deputy director of the National Semiconductor Lighting Product Quality Inspection Center, said that LED lights are safer than incandescent and energy-saving lamps. This is because the power consumption of a single LED is very low, and the power consumed by a high-power LED generally does not exceed 1 W. The requirements for conductive lines are not high, and short-circuit faults caused by line aging are less likely to occur. Moreover, the LED lamp is completely encapsulated in the epoxy resin. It is stronger than the bulb and the fluorescent tube, and there is no loose part in the lamp body. These characteristics make the LED lamp not easy to be broken and damaged.
In addition, the LED light source is a low-voltage microelectronic product. The working voltage of the LED is 2-3.6V, which is an extremely low safety voltage, and there is no electric shock accident when the light source is replaced. Since the LED light is a cold light source, there is no possibility that the surface temperature of the incandescent lamp or the gas discharge lamp is too high, causing burns to the person.
[Quality Analysis] Low Electromagnetic Compatibility Qualification Rate
Among the 103 batches of LED lighting products in this spot check, the pass rate of the electromagnetic compatibility project was only 60.2%, which was lower than the energy-saving lamps that were simultaneously spot-checked, and the incandescent lamp did not have electromagnetic compatibility problems. Among them, the qualification rate of Jiangsu real estate LED lighting products is 87%, while the LED lighting products produced by other provinces and cities are only 29% qualified. Electromagnetic compatibility refers to the ability of a device or system to operate in its electromagnetic environment without causing unacceptable electromagnetic interference to any device in the environment.
Photobiosafety is often an indicator of whether a lighting product can cause harm to the human body. The blue light component in the LED spectrum of illumination will cause damage to the human visual network nerve under certain conditions. In this spot check, 5 batches of products have been found to have Class 1 blue light hazard, which are products produced by enterprises outside the province. The Light Biosafety of Lamps and Lamp Systems classifies hazard classes into four categories: Class 0 is non-hazard, Class 1 is low risk, Class 2 is moderately dangerous, and Class 3 is high risk. In general, for LED Blu-ray Class 1 hazards, if the distance is greater than 1.5 meters, or less than 2-3 hours for non-long-term use, it is harmless to the human body.
[Comparative test] Is the LED lamp more energy efficient?
Compared with incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps, is LED lamps more energy-efficient? Quality inspection experts say that evaluating whether a lighting product is energy-efficient, usually using electro-optic power conversion efficiency (light efficiency), lighting effect (color temperature, color rendering index) And other indicators to evaluate. The electro-optical power conversion efficiency of LED lamps can reach 100% theoretically. The same lighting effect can save more than 80% energy compared with traditional light sources, and the service life can reach 60,000 to 100,000 hours, which is more than 10 times longer than traditional incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps.
Really more energy efficient
This LED lighting product supervision and inspection focused on the initial indicators of light efficiency, color temperature, color rendering index. Among them, the initial light effect reflects the energy saving of LED lighting products, and the color temperature and color rendering index are related to people's visual experience and comfort.
The greater the initial light efficiency, the more energy efficient the description. In this spot check, the median light effect of the LED lighting products of Jiangsu Real Estate was 80 lm/W (lumen per watt); the median value of the initial light effect of the commercially available LED lighting products was 60 lm/W. Compared with the results of energy-saving lamps, the initial median value of energy-saving lamps in Jiangsu enterprises is 64 lm/W, and the initial light-efficiency median value of commercially available energy-saving lamps is 41 lm/W, while the initial luminous efficacy of incandescent lamps is usually 8-15. Lm/W. From the comparison results, the initial light effect of the LED lamp is significantly higher than that of the incandescent lamp and the energy-saving lamp, which is indeed more energy-saving.
Color rendering index is less than incandescent
The ability of the light source to color the object is called color rendering, and the color rendering index is up to 100. The higher the value, the better the quality. From the spot check results, the median value of the color rendering index of real estate LED lighting products is around 75, and the median value of the color rendering index of commercially available LED lighting products is around 70. Compared with the results of energy-saving lamps, the median value of the color rendering index of Jiangsu real estate energy-saving lamps is 83, the median value of the color-developing index of commercially available energy-saving lamps is 76, and the color rendering index of incandescent lamps is usually 100. Although the color rendering of LED lighting products is still good in this spot check, it is still lower than the average level of incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps, and still has a high room for improvement.
[Option Guide] Home lighting should be soft
What are the precautions for consumers when purchasing LED lighting products? Shi Chaoyang said that the color temperature is usually high, that is, the lamps that are cold white and white, close to the color temperature of the sun, make people feel bright, sober, and more used in business, School, office space and other lighting. If you need bright lighting for home lighting, you can choose white light fixtures. However, it is recommended to choose products with color temperature below 5000K. Warm white light and yellow light can make people feel warmer.
For the choice of household lamps, it is recommended to have a visor or a light shield or a frosted cover. Although some brightness may be lost, the light may be softened. It is recommended to select a product with a reflector and a lower beam for reading and writing desk lamps, especially paying attention to the light source.
Shi Chaoyang reminds consumers that when purchasing LED lighting products, in addition to seeing whether the product identification is complete, do not forget to check whether the LED lighting power cord has CCC safety certification mark, and the power cord should not be too thin. In addition, it is necessary to check whether the charged body of the LED lamp is exposed. After the light source is installed in the lamp holder, the finger should not touch the charged metal lamp cap; there should be no finger on the lamp to touch the hole of the live parts. For outdoor luminaires and non-ordinary luminaires, dustproof and waterproof measures should be taken to suit the protective luminaires of the enclosure.
[Use maintenance]
Pay attention to the difference between DC communication
LED lighting products have the difference between AC and DC. Therefore, pay special attention to the rated working voltage indicated on the product label before purchase and use. Do not misuse it to avoid damage to the product or personal property damage caused by it.
In addition, LED lighting products also have heat dissipation problems, poor heat dissipation, which may cause rapid light decay of LED lights, and greatly reduce product life, so pay attention to the installation warning of the product, try not to cover the product or contact the surface of combustible materials.
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